Sandra Fredman is Professor of the Laws of the British Commonwealth and the USA at the University of Oxford. She is a Fellow of the British Academy, King's Council (honoris causa), and Director of the Oxford Human Rights Hub. She has published widely and has numerous peer-reviewed publications on equality, labour law, and human rights. She has been an expert advisor on equality for a variety of governments and organizations, and her framework on substantive equality has been used by apex courts in several jurisdictions, as well as by the UN Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, UN Women and the Abidjan Principles on the Right to Education.