Eugene Sokolov is one of the most famous and respected psychologists of the twentieth century. A professor at Moscow State University, he established the school's Department of Psychophysiology, which he chaired for more than thirty years. He pursued an exceedingly productive career of interdisciplinary research and teaching that ended only with his death at the age of 87, May 14, 2008. Sokolov sparked international interest with work presented at the 1954 International Congress of Psychology in Montreal and the publication, in 1963, of Perception and the Conditioned Reflex. He went on to serve as lecturer at Cambridge and Oxford in 1969, visiting Professor at MIT in 1974, and elected member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (1975) and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1976) . In 1984, he was elected to the Finnish Academy of Sciences and Letters and received the Pavlov Gold Medal Award from the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. In 1988 he became the first Russian scientist to receive the Award for Distinguished Contributions from the Society of Psychophysiological Research. And in 1998 he was recognized by the International Organization of Psychophysiology as one of five most acclaimed neuroscientists of the twentieth century.